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The new headquarters is the first on U.S. soil and military officials say is key to protecting the Atlantic. “To be fully operational means we can do our mission that we are assigned,”

• According to the UN assembly – Each individual State has the responsibility to protect its populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. This responsibility entails the prevention of such crimes, including their incitement, through appropriate and necessary means. We accept that responsibility and will act in accordance with it. The international community should, as appropriate, encourage and help States to exercise this responsibility and support the United Nations in establishing an early warning capability.

• It should be underscored that the provisions of paragraphs 138 and 139 of the Summit Outcome are firmly anchored in well-established principles of international law. Under conventional and customary international law, States have obligations to prevent and punish genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Ethnic cleansing is not a crime in its own right under international law, but acts of ethnic cleansing may constitute one of the other three crimes. The Summit’s enunciation of the responsibility to protect was not intended to detract in any way from the much broader range of obligations existing under international humanitarian law, international human rights law, refugee law and international criminal law. It should also be emphasized that actions under paragraphs 138 and 139 of the Summit Outcome are to be undertaken only in conformity with the provisions, purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. In that regard, the responsibility to protect does not alter, indeed it reinforces, the legal obligations of Member States to refrain from the use of force except in conformity with the Charter.

• Member States may wish to review what more they could do, individually and collectively, to implement their obligations under human rights law and to cooperate with the United Nations human rights mechanisms.

• States could also assist the Human Rights Council in sharpening its focus as a forum for considering ways to encourage States to meet their obligations relating to the responsibility to protect and to monitor, on a universal and apolitical basis, their performance in this regard. To that end, the Council’s universal periodic review mechanism could be an important instrument for advancing human rights and, indirectly, goals relating to the responsibility to protect.

SOURCE: UNISPAL

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